Charles Dickens must create an effective opening because these stories would be serialised, so the opening was most important because there would be long gaps between the publications of these chapters, so therefore he had to keep the readers attention enough to make them want to read the following publication. This would be successful if there was enough tension built in the first chapter/publication. The beginning introduces the characters, which consist of a narrative …showed first 75 words of 1345 total…

…showed last 75 words of 1345 total…there at the time of these events; but there is also the voice of the older Pip commenting on events in his memory. This older version of Pip laughs at his younger self. Charles Dickens has made a Chapter that on its own makes the reader hooked on the series. By using Characters that relate to the scenes, Imaginative lonely main character, wide use of literal techniques and dual narration which is still quite unusual.