Gene Mapping began when the U.S. Government held a conference to explore if DNA damage occurred in people exposed to low levels of radiation in Japan after the 1945 Atomic Bombs. There, scientists quickly realized that observing the human genome could be useful in discovering environmental mutates. Shortly afterwards, Renato Dulbecco revealed the entire sequence of human DNA and had a great impact on cancer research (Purves, et al. 1998). In 1990, scientists from around the world …showed first 75 words of 1881 total…

…showed last 75 words of 1881 total…and procreative freedom. This research covers the significance of genetic information of reproductive choices. Consequently, this information could be used in making decisions about having children or even seeking an abortion. The side effects deal with the more profound ethical questions of possible applications of genetic data for altering the basis of human disease, human talents, and social behavior. Questions about personal freedom, privacy, and society versus individual rights of access to genetic information (Gibbons, 1998).