Cultural integration is an important factor in the history of different civilizations. Ever since the establishment of human civilization, men have interacted cross-culturally for various reasons such as trade. William Duiker and Jackson Spielvogel have heavily emphasized on the importance of such interactions in their book, The World History. Duiker and Spielvogel also notes that these cross-cultural interactions leads to new cartographic visions such as archipelago or matrix. They also portrayed through their writings, their …showed first 75 words of 927 total…

…showed last 75 words of 927 total…an unknown land. Landscapes also played a heavy role in shaping a civilization. Landscapes provided essential protect needed to protect a civilization from invaders. Landscapes also helped sustain a population with in a civilization by providing good soil to promote agriculture. Bibliography Duiker, William J., and Jackson J. Spielvogel. World History 3rd ed. Connecticut: Wadsworth Thomson Learning, 2001. Overfield, Andrea. "Ibn Muslama's Pact with The Christians of Tiflis". The Human Record. New York: Houghton Mifflin Co, 2001.